The aboriginal community possesss a thrifty paradigm of living, with low rhythms of activities, production, consumption and estresse ambient. It controls the falling of trees of trees, the fire of the forest fires, the construction of houses, the process of daily food preparation and, when it perceives signals of estresse ambient, it is changed. knowledge form depends on the experience, transmitted verbally through the tradition, per centuries the wire. The civilized man, if approaching to the sustainable aboriginal civilization, its survival became extenuante. On the other hand to the aboriginal civilization, before in history the humanity as much as much abundance, longevity, comfort and innumerable and modern options of consumption had never lived with. The American society is the example and more clearly representative of an unsustainable society, of the economy of the discarding, that grows and if it develops with highest standards of consumption, exaggerated wastefulness and little concern with the preservation of the natural resources and the environment. However, the fortunate ones of this model of development are minority and, according to data of the PNUD, 4 billion people still live with less of US$ 1 per day. Second Stolen, the economic development tried by the world in the period of 1945 the 1970 seemed passvel of being universalizado.
However, the life style bred for the industrial capitalism it was not only universalizou as if it perenizou, privileging a minority. Stolen it affirms that the idea of that all the poor persons can enjoy the forms of life of the rich peoples is simply unrealizable, that is, the notion of world-wide economic development would enter in collapse with its materialization. To make that all the humanity has a worthy standard of living, with access the adjusted feeding, health, education and chances of work, is an enormous challenge, but possible to become fullfilled itself. It has financial, technological resources and means of production to raise the level of life of great part of the population, as it never occurred in history, although the insustentabilidade picture that comes being constructed for the human being since the Industrial Revolution. Changes of position, habits and paradigms can assist in the construction of the sustainable society, but to change forms of living already arraigadas has times is a indeed complex, weak process and that it depends basically of will politics. To reach the sustainable development, three great challenges, interconnected must be successful: to guarantee the availability of natural resources; not to exceed the limits of the biosfera, to assimilate residues and pollution; to reduce the poverty in the world. To have a sustainable society requires, therefore, a dramatical and painful transistion in the energy use, water, land and minerals, to the measure that these resources diminish in amount, decline in quality and increase in cost. The terrestrial population will continue to grow at least during plus a century, at the same time that enormous wastefulnesses will have to be reduced and that the people will have to be more efficient and conscientious in the conservation of the natural capital, in the redistribution of income and wealth and in the familiar planning.